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Kur is a Polish coat of arms. It was used by several noble families forming a Clan of Kur in the times of the Kingdom of Poland and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. It is noted during the reign of the Jagiellon dynasty and illustrated with its original name in the work of Bartosz Paprocki "Herby Rycerstwa Polskiego" in 1584.〔Bartosz Paprocki: ''Herby Rycerstwa Polskiego'', Kraków 1584. Reviewed by Kazimierz Józef Turowski, Kraków 1858, page 774〕 Furthermore, it is published in the work of Szymon Okolski〔M. Bielski, J.L. Hrebult, Szymon Okolski, ''Herby Polskie''. Poznań 1705, page 58〕 in 1641.〔Antoni Gąsiorowski and Henryk Kowalewicz, ''Kodeks Dyplomatyczny Wielkopolski'', Poznan 1982, volume VI〕 and several other publications〔Gorczyn Jan Aleksander, ''Herby Królestwa polskiego'', Kraków 1653, p. 41〕〔Gorczyn Jan Aleksander, ''Kleynoty abo herby państwa y rycerstwa powiatow y miast głownych Korony Polskiey y W. X. L. według obiecadła dla pamięci łacnieyszey położone'', Kraków 1630〕〔Piotr Nałęcz-Małachowski, ''Zbiór Nazwisk Szlachty'', Lublin 1805, p. 667〕 The Kur coat of arms have also been used before Jagiellon dynasty time in Poland under alternative name ''Kokoty'', which can be seen in the court documents holding stamps of the CoA, signed by the judge Szyban von Der (from Der of Misni) between 1287 and1311 in the court of Henry III, prince of Głogów.〔Henryk Antoni Gąsiorowski, Tomasz Jasiński, Tomasz Jurek, Izabela Skierska, ''Kodeks Dyplomatyczny Wielkopolski'', volume XI, Poznań 1999, document nr. 1718, ISBN 83-7063-243-2〕 The person of Szyban von Der have been incorrectly identified by Franciszek Piekosinski〔Franciszek Piekosiński, ''Heraldyka Polska Wieków Średnich'', Kraków 1899, p.310, (see ''Tader'')〕 as Szyban Tadera of the Gryf coat of arms, the castellan of Swiny.〔''Miesięcznik heraldyczny'', 1-3, Warszawa 1908, printed by "Nakł. Oddiziału Warszawskiego Polskiego Towarzystwo Heraldycznego (Polish Heraldry Association, Warsaw branch)"〕 The most notable member of the Clan of Kur was Mikołaj Kiczka,〔Krzysztof Żaboklicki, Polish in Padova 2004〕〔Lech Męczarski, ''Rocznik statystyczny 1513'', part III, NOWA GAZETA GOSTYŃSKA 2004〕〔Krzysztof Ożóg, ''Stanisław ze Skarbimierza'', 2003〕 the Archdeacon of Gniezno and one of the most trusted procurators to the King Władysław Jagiełło. On behalf of the king, he negotiated with the Teutonic Knights to establish borders delineation with Poland in Rome 1421–1422 in presence of the Pope Martin V. Families of the Clan of Kur were in the medieval times of same origin. The clan and its land is closely connected to the Mazovia region of Poland. Although nobility Mazovia received equal rights as in the rest of Poland, it retained independent status until 1529, when Sigismund I the Old incorporated Mazovia into the Polish state. Outside the Mazovia region, the clan members are also be found in other regions of the Commonwealth, including Silesia, Podlaskie Voivodeship and Lublin. ==History== The Kur coat of arms and its battle cry is noted in Polish heraldry in 1496. Earlier notes confirming graphic form of the CoA but without battle cry are from year 1300.〔Franciszek Piekosiński, ''Heraldyka polska wieków średnich'', Kraków 1899〕 The notes of 1496〔Piotr Nałęcz-Małachowski, ''Zbiór Nazwisk Szlachty'', Lublin 1805, p.667〕 tells about the King John I Albert that created this coat of arms for the Kur family. The date is close to the Piotrków privilege from 1493 and the confirmation of the ruling house by Konrad III Rudy, duke of Masovia. The Piotrków privilege made the Masovian nobility equal to Polish in rights which explain that the documents regarding the Clan of Kur is not act of nobility but act of equal rights. Before adding Kur coat of arms to polish heraldry 1496, the name was known as ''Kokoty'' and is noted in court documents referring to Mikołaj Kiczka in 1426.〔Franciszek Piekosiński, ''Heraldyka polska wieków średnich'', Kraków 1899〕 Late appearance of the Kur coat of arms in Polish heraldry is explained by the tradition in Masovia that formed coat of arms in European style later than in other parts of Poland. In Europe, the symbol of the Kur coat of arms is well known from ancient years, it origin from Italy where it can be found under the name ''Gallo''〔http://www.heraldica.org name=Gallo|〕 and later made its way through France, Spain, Netherlands, Scotland and Poland. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kur coat of arms」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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